On the authority of Abu Sa’eed al-Khudri – may Allah be pleased with him; the Messenger of Allah - صلى الله عليه وسلم - said:
Whoever has three daughters, or three sisters, or two daughters, or two sisters and is a beneficent companion to them, and fears Allah concerning them, then for him is JannahCollected by Abu ‘Isa at-Tirmidhi who said: Hadeeth Ghareeb [The Hadeeth with this exact wording was declared inauthentic by al-Albani but other authentic wordings support its meaning.]
Whoever has three daughters or three sisters
Or here is for variety, not for doubt, likewise is the case for two daughters and two sisters.
And is beneficent to them and fears Allah concerning themMeaning in giving them their rights.
Is beneficent to themIn the Hadeeth of ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Amir found in al Adab al Mufrad, is the wording:
and is patient with themLikewise with Ibn Hibban who added:
...and feeds, gives them to drink and clothes them.
In the Hadeeth of ibn ‘Abbss collected by at Tabarani;
...spends his wealth on them, gets them married and properly raises
In the Hadeeth of Jabir that was collected by Ahmad as well as in al-Adab al-Mufrad;
teaches them good behaviour, is merciful towards them and assumes responsibility over them.
At Tabarani added;
and gets them married.
Al-Hafidh (ibn Hajar) states in al-Fath after mentioning all these narations;
These wordings are combined in the meaning of the word 'Ihsaan - beneficence'They would be a barrier from the hell fire for himMeaning his reward for this would be protection from the Hellfire, a barrier between him and it.
In this Hadeeth is an emphasis on the rights of girls over the rights of boys due to their weakness, in most cases, concerning the handling of their interests. In contrast to boys, due to their physical strength, commanding speech, and ability to handle the affairs of their interests in most cases.
The scholars differed concerning the beneficence that is directed towards girls, is it restricted to what is obligated or does it surpass that, and the latter seems to be correct.
The condition of beneficence is that it is in accordance to the Islamic legislation, not in what contradicts it. It appears that the reward mentioned is only attained if the person continues with this beneficence until the girls are no longer in need of him, due to marriage or otherwise.
[Tuhfat al Ahwadhi: 6/34-36[Benefits related to the chain of narrators and the Arabic language have been omitted.]
No one from my Ummah who takes care of three girls
Meaning takes responsibility for all their needs, including feeding and clothing them.
or three sisters
Meaning his sisters
and is beneficent towards them
Meaning in addition to taking care of them, is good to them while living with them. Such that he does not remind them of his favors, nor does he display discomfort or signs of tiring towards them.
except that
Meaning the reward for doing this for them...
they would be a barrier from the Hellfire from him
Meaning a protection from entering the Hellfire. Because just as he protected them in the life of this world from the lowliness of asking others, and preserved their reputations by preventing them from being in need of others who may lure them into fornication. He would be rewarded a great reward for this.
Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi: 2/625.[Benefits related to the chain of narrotors and the Arabic language have been omitted.]
On the authority of ibn ‘Abbaas, may Allah be pleased with him: The Messenger of Allah - صلى الله عليه وسلم - said:
...and whoever takes care of three daughters, or three sisters and raises them with good manerisms, is merciful towards them until Allah grants them independence, Allah would obligate the entrance to Jannah for him.
A man said: 'O Messenger of Allah; or two? He responded:
Or two.
Even if they said one, he would have said one…
al-Imam al-Baghawi in Sharh as-Sunnah: 13/14
There is not a person who takes care of three girls, and is good to them, except that they would be a barrier between him and the Fire.
He was asked: And two daughters, O Messenger of Allah? He responded:
Or two.
He was asked; or one? He responded:
Or one.
When al Imam Ahmad, may Allah have mercy upon him, was told that he was blessed with a daughter he said:
"Prophets had daughters! Prophets had daughters! Prophets, may the Salat and Salam be upon them, had daughters! This is the best of prophets, Muhammad - صلى الله عليه وسلم - and he had four daughters and three sons."Shaykh ibn 'Uthaymeen in Sharh Riyad as-Saliheen: 1/2135
On the authority of Abu Sa’eed al Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him:
Whoever takes care of three girls, raises them with good mannerisms, gets them married and is beneficent towards them, then for him is Jannah.
This is whether they are daughters or sisters. All of this is included in the generality of this Hadeeth. As long as he is the one who is responsible for them, is beneficent towards them, raises them until they reach the age of marriage and gets them married, his reward with Allah the Mighty is Jannah!
Regarding sisters whose father has passed away, and their brother takes responsibility for them by supporting them and being good to them. This situation enters under the umbrella of the virtue of one who takes care of an orphan. As for daughters, they are not considered to be orphans. However, there is tremendous reward in being good to them, from Allah the Mighty and Majestic.
Sharh Sunan Abu Dawud by al-Muhaddith ‘Abdul Muhsin al -‘Abbad Al Hafidh stated in at-Taqreeb:Whoever takes care of three girls
Meaning takes responsibility for them and for their provision.
and raises them with good mannerisms
Meaning with the mannerisms of the Islamic Legislation, as well as educates them.
and is beneficent to them
Al-Manawi stated: By enjoining ties with them and visiting them after they get married.
For him is Jannah!
Meaning he will enter it with the foremost who enter it.
In this Hadeeth is an emphasis of the rights of girls over boys due to their weakness in seeking a means of provision for themselves.
‘Awn al-Ma’bud: 14/38todayPublished:Oct 22, 2010
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عن أبي سعيد الخدري قال : قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم :
من كان له ثلاث بنات أو ثلاث أخوات أو ابنتان أو أختان فأحسن صحبتهن واتقى الله فيهن فله الجنةقال أبو عيسى : هذا حديث غريب
قوله :
من كانت له ثلاثة بنات أو ثلاث أخواتأو للتنويع لا للشك وكذا في قوله أو ابنتان أو أختان
قوله :
فأحسن صحبتهن واتقي الله فيهنأي في أداء حقوقهن قوله :
فيحسن إليهنوقع في حديث عقبة بن عامر في الأدب المفرد
فصبر عليهنوكذا وقع في بن ماجة زاد
وأطعمهن وسقاهن وكساهنوفي حديث بن عباس عند الطبراني :
فأنفق عليهن وزوجهن وأحسن أدبهنوفي حديث جابر عند أحمد وفي الأدب المفرد :
يؤدبهن ويرحمهن ويكفلهنزاد الطبراني فيه :
ويزوجهنقال الحافظ في الفتح بعد ذكر هذه :
الألفاظ وهذه الأوصاف يجمعها لفظ الإحسان
كن له حجابا من النار
أي يكون جزاؤه على ذلك وقاية بينه وبين نار جهنم حائلا بينه وبينها .
وفيه تأكيد حق البنات لما فيهن من الضعف غالبا عن القيام بمصالح أنفسهن بخلاف الذكور لما فيهم من قوة البدن وجزالة الرأي وإمكان التصرف في الأمور المحتاج إليها في أكثر الأحوال
واختلف في المراد بالحسان هل يقتصر به على قدر الواجب أو بما زاد عليه ، والظاهر الثاني . وشرط الاحسان أن يوافق الشرع لا ما خالفه ، والظاهر أن الثواب المذكور إنما يحصل لفاعله إذا استمر إلى أن يحصل استغناؤهن بزوج أو غيره
تحفة الأحوذي – المباركفوري : 6/34-36ليس أحد من أمتي يعول ثلاث بناتله أي يقوم بما يحتجنه من نحو قوت وكسوة
أو ثلاث أخواتله
فيحسن اليهنأي يعولهن ومع ذلك يحسن اليهن في الاقامة بهن بأن لا يمن عليهن ولا يظهر الضجر والملل ونحو ذلك
الا كنأي كان ثواب فعل ذلك معهن
له سترا من النار
أي وقاية من دخول جهنم لانه كما سترهن في الدنيا من ذل السؤال وهتك العرض باحتياجهن للغير الذي -ربما جر للزنا جوزى بذلك جزاء وفاقا
تحفة الأحوذي – المباركفوري: 2/625عن ابن عباس قال : قال رسول الله- صلى الله عليه وسلم :
من آوى يتيما إلى طعامه وشرابه ، أوجب الله له الجنة البتة ، ومن عال ثلاث بنات أو مثلهن من الأخوات ، أدبهن ورحمهن حتى يغنيهن الله ، أوجب الله له الجنة
فقال رجل : يا رسول الله أو اثنتين ؟ قال :
أو اثنتين
حتى لو قالوا : وواحدة ، لقال واحدة
شرح السنة ـ للإمام البغوى : 13/44ما من إنسان يكفل ثلاث بنات يحسن إليهن إلا كن حجابا له من النار
قالوا وابنتين يا رسول الله؟
قال وابنتين
قالوا وواحدة ؟
قال وواحدة
وكان الإمام أحمد رحمه الله إذا قيل له ولد لك بنت :
قال ولدت الإناث للأنبياء ولدت الإناث للأنبياء الأنبياء عليهم الصلاة والسلام يولد لهم بنات فهذا أشرف الأنبياء محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم له أربع بنات وله ثلاثة أولادشرح رياض الصالحين محمد بن صالح بن محمد العثيمين: 1/2135
أورد أبو داود حديث أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه:
من عال ثلاث بنات فأدبهن وزوجهن وأحسن إليهن فله الجنةوهذه الثلاث سواء كن بنات له أو أخوات، كل ذلك يدخل تحت عموم الحديث مادام أنه هو القائم عليهن، وقد أحسن إليهن وعالهن حتى بلغن مبلغ الزواج وزوجهن، حصل منه الإحسان إليهن فجزاؤه الجنة عند الله عز وجل. بالنسبة للأخوات اللاتي مات عنهن أبوهن فقام أخوهن بإعالتهن والإحسان إليهن، فهذا يدخل تحت باب في فضل من عال يتيما، أما بنات الرجل فلا يعتبرن يتيمات، ولكن الإحسان إليهن فيه الأجر العظيم والثواب الجزيل من الله سبحانه وتعالى. الكتاب : شرح سنن أبي داود ـ للشيخ عبد المحسن العباد : 29/200-205
وفل الحافظ في التقريب
من عال ثلاث بناتأي تعهدهن وقام بمؤنتهن
فأدبهنأي بآداب الشريعة وعلمهن
وأحسن إليهنقال المناوي : أي بعد الزواج بنحو صلة وزيارة
فله الجنةأي دخوله مع السابقين . فيه تأكيد حق البنات على حق البنين لضعفهن عن الاكتساب عون المعبود - العظيم آبادي : 14/38
todayتاريخ الإضافة :Oct 22, 2010
editالمترجم :أبو عبد الواحد نادر أحمد
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